Quick Answer
For beginners, the Moog Theremini is the best choice: pitch assistant, built-in speaker, MIDI/USB, multiple timbres (~€300-350). For advanced players seeking pure analogue authenticity, the Moog Etherwave is the benchmark (~€500-600). On a tight budget, entry-level models or DIY kits from €50-150 produce the characteristic ethereal sound.
What is the theremin and why is it so special?
The theremin is the only musical instrument played without touching it. Invented in 1920 by Russian physicist Léon Theremin, it generates sound through two electromagnetic antennas: a vertical one controlling pitch and a horizontal loop controlling volume. The player moves their hands through the space around those antennas — no physical contact at any point — to create the melody.
Its sound is unmistakable: ethereal, slightly trembling, like a distant human voice or a synthesized violin. You'll recognise it instantly from the Midsommar soundtrack, The Day the Earth Stood Still, or the classic Star Trek theme. It also shares a sonic kinship with the otamatone, which borrows that singing timbre while working completely differently.
Its legendary difficulty stems from having no frets, keys or markers — the player controls pitch solely by the position of their hand in the air. One centimetre can change the note. This is exactly why modern models with pitch assistance are so popular with beginners.
Types of theremin: analogue, digital and budget
1. Pure analogue theremin
Uses the original heterodyne circuit: two radio-frequency oscillators whose frequency difference produces the audible sound. The most authentic tone — the one used by classical thereminists. No pitch assistant, no effects, no MIDI. Requires serious practice to master intonation. Reference model: Moog Etherwave.
2. Digital theremin with pitch assistance
Adds a DSP processor that can quantise notes to a musical scale, making notes "snap" into place automatically. Ideal for beginners. Usually includes multiple timbres (strings, winds, synth), MIDI and USB. Reference model: Moog Theremini.
3. Entry-level / budget theremin
Low-cost models (€50-150) that reproduce the basic theremin principle. Simple analogue circuits, no pitch assistant or MIDI. Good for exploring, not for performances. Brands: Burns, DIY kits.
Comparison: the best theremins on the market in 2026
| Model | Type | Pitch assist | MIDI | Price approx. | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moog Theremini | Digital | Yes | Yes | €300-350 | Beginner / Intermediate |
| Moog Etherwave | Analogue | No | No | €500-600 | Advanced / Professional |
| Burns B3 Deluxe | Analogue | No | No | €100-180 | Budget entry |
| Korg Monotron Delay | Semi-theremin | No | No | €50-70 | Curious / Kids |
| DIY theremin kit | Analogue kit | No | No | €40-80 | Electronics hobbyists |
Moog Theremini: best theremin for beginners
The Moog Theremini is the most solid recommendation for anyone starting out with the theremin. Designed by Moog Music — the company founded by Robert Moog himself — it combines authenticity and accessibility in an elegant form.
- Adjustable pitch assistant: quantises notes to any musical scale (major, minor, pentatonic…). You can disable it as your skills improve.
- 30 preset timbres: strings, winds, synthesis — far more versatile than a pure analogue theremin.
- Built-in speaker and headphone output: no amplifier needed for home practice.
- MIDI and USB: connect it to a DAW (Ableton, GarageBand, Logic Pro) and use it as a MIDI controller.
- Display tuner: an LED screen shows the note you're playing in real time — essential for learning hand positioning.
How to choose the right theremin
- Budget under €100: budget option or DIY kit.
- €100-350: Theremini.
- Over €500: Moog Etherwave.
- Experience with fretless instruments? Yes → Etherwave. No → Theremini.
- Want MIDI / DAW integration? Theremini or Etherwave Plus (CV/Gate).
- Just curious or a gift? Korg Monotron or DIY kit.
If you've never played theremin, start with the Theremini. The pitch assistant lets you achieve satisfying results much sooner, keeping motivation high. You can disable it later — or move on to the Etherwave.
Frequently asked questions
What theremin should I buy as a beginner?
The Moog Theremini: pitch assistant, built-in speaker, MIDI/USB. For a tighter budget, Burns B3 Deluxe or similar entry models from €80-150.
What is the cheapest theremin that still sounds good?
Budget models from Burns or similar from €100. The Korg Monotron Delay (€50-70) is not a true theremin but produces similar sounds. For a real minimum, €80-100.
What is the difference between the Theremini and the Etherwave?
The Theremini is digital with a pitch assistant and MIDI. The Etherwave is a pure analogue instrument with no assistance — the original heterodyne circuit. The Etherwave is the serious thereminists' choice for authenticity.
Can you learn theremin without musical experience?
Yes, though it takes longer without a pitch assistant. With daily practice of 15-20 minutes, simple melodies become achievable within a month using the Theremini's assistance.
Where to buy a theremin?
Amazon has good availability of the Moog Theremini, Etherwave and budget models. Thomann and Muziker also carry theremins, though with international shipping.